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The BALLET THEME column is dedicated to the 10th International Competition
of the Ballet Artists held in Moscow. In anticipation of the anniversary
contest, an exclusive interview with Yuri Nicholaevich Grigorovich, President
of the jury, which he has granted to our correspondent V. Modestov, is
published in this issue.
The discussion touches upon such subjects as the fortunes of young
artists, the traditions of the Russian ballet school, and problems of repertoire.
«A ballet competition is a review of talents, both young performers and
choreographers, as well as a test of endurance.» Ending the interview,
Yuri Nicholaevich wished the Moscow Competition new discoveries and assured
the participants that the jury would be both benevolent and fair.
A follow up of the President of Jury’s interview provides Chairman
of the Organizing Committee, choreographer Andrei Petrov, in his conversation
with Maria Levkoeva. The two talked about such a pressing problem as the
communicative capabilities of competitions, which open to many «a life
in the arts» and give them a chance to acquaint themselves with a wide
gamut of creative arts. One doesn’t necessarily have to be the first in
a competition — what is the most important is to be noticed; indeed, a
competition is, in addition to anything else, an employment exchange of
sorts. One of its goals is «to discover the trends of the contemporary
choreography’s development, to attract young choreographers. The more colorful
and diverse the styles represented at the competition are, the more interest
it is going to excite.»
An article by the Magazine’s Editorinchief, Valeria Uralskaya, is
entitled Around the Ballet Pedestals. An exciting excursion into the history
of the world competition movement quite naturally leads to the reflections
upon the contemporary state of the ballet contests. «The competitions undoubtedly
deserve the most concerned attention on the part of the world community
as well as of such entities as UNESCO, which not only patronize them officially
but also professionally foster the development of the general competition
movement.» «Competitions represent perhaps the most important stage in
the artist’s professional growth. The competitive character of the ballet
gatherings crucially influences the development of the classical dance.»
The writer, however, also stresses negative features that appear in one
competition after another — the showoff manner of the performance and
incomprehension of the stylistic features of specific works of the classical
repertoire. «What is being leveled is the stylistics not only of the classical
heritage, but also of the latterday choreographic compositions.» Such
processes may and must be checked. «To ‘protect’ the artistic integrity,
the competition repertoire must be defined and fixed as a system of requirements,
and the jury, when judging the competitions, must take these requirements
into consideration.»
The Magazine keeps presenting the Soul of Dance Prize winners. Nicholai
Fadeechev’s pupils talk about their master. Says Andrey Uvarov, «Nicholai
Borisovich disapproves of the affected use of one’s abilities, of the showing
off of one’s technical capabilities or physical features. The spectacle,
the character — that’s what is first and foremost for him.»
Says Nicholai Tsiskaridze, «Both Marina Timofeevna Semenova and Galina
Sergeevna Ulanova used to tell me, ‘You should work with Fadeechev’. And
when I came to him, the first thing he said was, ‘Kolia, the only thing
I hate is being thwarted’.» Says Sergei Filin, «I owe my performing shape
to Fadeechev. Thanks to him, I’ve rid myself of the ‘fear’ of the most
complex elements of the classical dance, which prior to meeting him I simply
was unable to perform. I have all reasons to consider him my theatrical
father.»
I. Stupnikov’s article about Boris Bregvadze is entitled A Gift of
Hope. «The name of Boris Bregvadze had graced the playbills of the Kirov
Opera and Ballet Theater of Leningrad for twenty years, and the performances
he danced in had attracted multitudes of enthusiasts enchanted by his bright
temperament, his brilliant techniques and his acting charm…
Bregvadze possessed an amazing gift of hope which was alien to both
triumphalism and defeatism. He seemed to treat the dance as a knightly
adventure whose result is absolutely unpredictable and which, precisely
for that reason, must be taken with a chivalrous geniality.» Today he is
an educator, and «the young generation, the recent alumni of the A. Vaganova
Academy of Russian Ballet, do remember that they indeed have a Master to
whom they always may turn for advice and with whom they may always share
both joys and sorrows.»
Alexander Lavrenyuk, «A Varangian Guest in Krasnodar» (such has I.
Belova, the writer of the next article, has dubbed the hero of her story),
doesn’t like it when people say that he had come into music from ballet
and when they do he objects that «I came into ballet from music and then
had wandered in ballet for twenty years.» His track record at the Bolshoy
Theater includes two decades as a dancer and almost another one behind
the conductor’s stand. «He had been among the best character dancers of
the Bolshoy during the 60’s and 70’s, and his style was marked with an
emphatic graphicality of movement, expressiveness of line and unusually
powerful but restrained temperament.»
«Lavrenyuk the conductor knows the very nature of dance and its rigid
laws from within and because of that it’s easier for the artists to dance
‘under his hand’… He has conducted all the classical ballets, worked with
different choreographers, but the principal one for him has always been
and still remains Yuri Nicholaevich Grigirovich.» Today both of them together
work at the Krasnodar Theater.
P. Yashchenkov draws a portrait of a romantic of the dance, a principal
dancer with the K.S. Stanislavsky and V.I. NemirovichDanchenko Musical
Theater of Moscow, Gheorghi Smilievsky. The writer relates of the fortunes
of the Bulgarian boy who was sent to study in Moscow and has since worked
with such masters of the ballet stage as Yuri Grigorovich, Vladimir Vasiliev
and Dmitry Bryantsev. «The ballet star of Smilevsky rose a long time ago.
But the real fame as a superb professional and talented performer is only
just coming to him… His dance strikes one with a rare combination of the
delicacy proper to the French ballet princes and the artistry and temperament
inherent in the Russian school. Such an inflammable mixture works infallibly
on the audiences, turning every performance into a spectacular gala.»
L. Shamina tells a story of Rudiy Khodjoyan, one of the most famous
principal dancers with Igor Moisseev’s Ensemble. «The Master, as is well
known, dislikes it when people single out any of his artists by calling
them principals, because he considers all the performers in his Ensemble
principles. However, Rudiy is an exception: he is one of the brightest
stars of the troupe… Khodjoyan epitomizes the very principles of the Moisseev
dance school, a master who has comprehended the very essence of the great
choreographer’s artistic system.» No matter what dance he performs, he
is always distinguished by a rare naturalness. This remarkable actor dancer
imparts bright individual features to any ethnic character… Rudiy has become
a mentor to new generations of ‘Moissevians’. His pupils dance side by
side with him on stage, which is the best evidence of the artistic longevity
of the Ensemble’s ‘living legend’, as Khodjoyan is known all over the world.
THE BALLET SCENOGRAM Column is dedicated to Russian premieres.
The first among those is John Neumeier’s ballet A Midsummer Night’s Dream.
The respective article is shaped as an address of the writer (V. Uralskaya)
to the artists. «One is tempted to say to all of you, ‘You dance well,
there are good fellows. You are brilliantly endowed, well schooled, your
temperaments pretty well fall upon your roles. But, alas, you take everything
that goes on in the ballet too seriously. You have drama where the authors
have farce. You are strungup whereas their purpose is based on relaxation.
Indeed, the whole secret of the Dream is in that it is really a dream.
All the forces of the nightly dreamland free the characters of constrain
and restrains, of all reasoning and exertion… The only artist who managed
to fully achieve that during the opening nights was Ivan Urban who, unfortunately,
doesn’t belong to the Bolshoy troupe. Among the Moscow artists, the closest
to the original turned out Ian Godovsky, whose movement, however, wants
more airiness, and Nina Kuptsova, who also still is to relax the constrain
in her interpretation of the part. Vladimir Neporozhny of an independent
character, by the virtue of that independence, might be considered belonging
to that rank too.»
«The Knight Errant is Come to Rostov, and the visit is significant
for the theater», believes O. Shkarpetkina. The success of the Don Quixote’s
opening nights at the Rostov Musical Theater, in the choreographic version
of Alexei Fadeechev, seems to have turn out oracular: in the last days
of 2004, the troupe was informed of A. Fadeechev being appointed the Theater’s
chief choreographer.
The E. Materova and Yu. Sutormina’s article The Tsekh’s Premieres:
Noise & Silence is a detailed review of the productions presented at
the Tsekh Festival of the Russian Dance Theaters. Among all the unexpected
titles, paradoxical subjects and shocking staging solutions, the writers
find the most exciting such works as Noise & Silence by the Iguanas
of St. Petersburg (choreographer M. Ivanov), and Not Giselle by the Kipling
of Ekaterinburg (choreographer N. Levchenko). «Lika Shevchenko’s project
Not a Dream performed by Roman Andreikin and Uliana Bachernikova proved
absolutely without a rival. It’s a fight between two worlds, the two genders,
two passions, a fight between man and woman, a fight for love, and that
love is symbolized by a military overcoat, which the characters tear on
stage just as they torture each other’s hearts: «Sometimes we just can’t
understand each other. It’s a high time for us to at last acknowledge that
we need each other not only in the dance.»
The L. Latypova’s article Action as Fantasy relates in detail of an
experiment conducted in Perm’ by the artistic leader of the local Opera
House Georgy Isaakian. He engaged Radu Poklitaru to stage The Seven Sins
by Brecht and Weill, and he gave Tatiana Baganova of the Provincial Dances
a chance to meet Stravinsky, this time in the domain of the oneact Nightingale.
«Two premiere performances of the same night differed like differ a burning
reality and an ephemeral phantasmagoria, a sleep and a waking, an eccentric
action and a mysterious fantasy.»
Undying Nature was the general title of a series of gala concerts
by the Russian Ballet State Theater of Moscow. Included in the program
were samples of the best works of Russian choreography — from Petipa and
Gorsky to the masters of the Soviet period like V. Vainonen, R. Zakharov,
L. Lavrovsky, L. Yakobson, and K. Boyarsky. E. Kozlenkova wrote about the
concert participants, including young artists invited from the Bolshoy
Theater.
«It’s certainly no coincidence that, in the year of the 135th anniversary
of the painter Constantin Andreevich Somov, posters with the charming «heroine»
of his famous picture, Columbine’s Little Tongue, appeared in the city
of Cheliabinsk. Attracting the passerby’s eyes by the gayety of her carnival
costume, by the theatricality of her posture, by the lovely face under
a black halfmask, by the capricious curve of her hand with prettily thrown
up fingers, she invites everyone to the opening night of the threeact
ballet by M. Chulaki A Two Master Man after the Carlo Goldoni comedy. The
ballet was extremely popular back in 1970’s, thanks to a staging by Nicholai
Boyarchikov.» Today’s new ballet was composed by his pupil, Maria Bolshakova.
According to K. Antonova who wrote the article, the premiere is an important
achievement of the theater.
The two articles that follow might more properly be called fragments
of memoirs. They continue the previous issues’ publications in anticipation
of the 60th anniversary of the Great Victory. The first one is a story
by Susanna Zviagina, once a principal dancer at the Bolshoy and now Chairperson
of the Veterans of the Stage Council. Back in 1941 she was 22 and at a
start of a brilliant career as a character dancer.
A beautiful woman to look at, she distinguished herself not only by
the elegance of her dance and by her temperament but also by her willpower,
audacity and civicmindedness. She was deemed trustworthy enough to be
put in charge of the frontline artist crews that had for two and a half
years roamed many a war road. Zviagina’s track record includes over 1,500
concerts for the frontline troops. Those wartime experiences are exactly
what the writer of the memoirs is writing about. She also attaches excerpts
from the thankyou letters addressed to the management of the Bolshoy Theater
and the Arts Committee.
Inside the Blockade is the general title of the excerpts from a memoir
book which Tatiana Shmyrova, principal dancer at the Kirov Opera and Ballet
Theater of Leningrad, wrote shortly prior to her death. She relates of
her colleagues who just like herself spent the entire 900 days of the blockade
in the city and regularly went to the battlefield with the frontline artist
crews, performed at the hospitals and took part in the performances of
the «blockade» theater. These people — the contemporaries, eyewitnesses
and participants of those grand historic events — are getting fewer and
fewer. And Tatana Ivanovna herself has no longer been with us for almost
15 years now.
THE BALLET WORLD Column presents news from abroad. The Ballet
Magazine has more than once written about one of the brightest figures
of the contemporary choreographer Pina Bausch. This season, her Theater
from Wupperthal visited Moscow for the third time. S. Shchukova recorded
a conversation of Moscow journalists with Bausch, the choreographer who
has managed to combine the dancing avantgarde with the classical perfection.
Pina Bausch expressed her gratitude to the Russian audiences and recalled
how her production A Window Washer was being created; talked about her
new productions that were inspired by her visits to different cities of
the world; explained how she selects dancers for her troupe and why she
herself performs in her own productions only so rarely.
V. Uralskaya in her topical article A Breakin reflects upon the fate
of «the dance on the world map». A motive for it was provided by her visits
to the Bolshoy Theater’s Ballet School in Southern Brazil and to a forum
in Monaco.
«The dance is leaving the stage, even in a country so rich in tradition
as Brazil is, and lives in another atmosphere, that of carnival and festival.
And none of its dimensions — neither the schools of ballet and of samba
nor the carnivals nor the theaters of contemporary dance — contact each
other, which leads to dilution of the dancing art in all theatrical forms.
One may therefore rightfully ask, what are they preparing the kids at schools
for?»
«In the quest for a form able to reflect the world that changes so
catastrophically fast and its transition towards a computer way of thought,
the contemporary presents itself as an alternative to the classical (both
ballet and, more generally, dance), but is hardly able to substitute for
it. A choreographer or an artist of the contemporary more often than not
reminds me of a hacker who breaks through the security of the «classical
system» which, as a reaction to the breakin, becomes even more perfect
and unattainable… The art, as is well known, is discriminatory, and each
person may select what interests them subjectively. But that is precisely
the trouble: we become silent eyewitnesses of the misbalance that befalls
the dance culture. Where one might expect mutual enrichment and growth
one more and more acutely feels disunity and confrontation. As a result
all the components, that is to say, all the forms and genres of the onstage
dancing art suffer.»
I. Pushkina in her sketch A Desire of Fire and Water acquaints the
reader with the art of the BalletPoem, a Korean ballet troupe made up
of Seoul University students. In their first ever performance on stage
of the Alexandrinsky Theater they demonstrated an art form that is totally
unknown to the Russian audiences.
«The most important thing is that, thanks to the Korean performers’
visit, a prospective has been open for a professional intercommunication
and sharing of expertise: the Koreans might benefit from the classical
dance experience whereas the Russians, from neophytes’ fresh views of the
choreographic art.» As for the performances themselves, the writer’s impressions
of them are ambivalent. «A rather sound level of professionalism attests
to the seriousness of intent, but their approach to composing a dance makes
one suspicious. It’s their treatment of the music, totally foreign to us;
and it’s some kind of averaged posture language with little regard to ethnical
specifics. Whether it’s a quest for their own way or just growing pains
is yet to be seen.»
The INFORMBALLET column presents a whole kaleidoscope of facts
and events:
— Information about theoretical and practical discoveries made at the
East Siberian Academy of Culture and Art’s Institute of Dance, the biggest
artistic higher school in Eastern Siberia;
— The Soul of Russia National Award winners have been announced;
— A new staging of The Nutcracker at the Ekaterinburg Opera and Ballet
Theater was carried out by the Moscow choreographer Viacheslav Gordeev,
who now leads the local ballet;
— The Moscow Choreography Academy has admitted new students — the recipients
of the Choreographic Arts Scholarships by the Federal Culture and Cinematography
Agency. The Young Talents Scholarship Fund was established by the Russian
Culture Ministry over ten years ago, and almost 800 children — student
musicians, painters, dancers, and singers — will start receiving it this
year;
— One of the sketches will inform you of the life of the new ballet
school which Vadim Pisarev has established in Donetsk;
— A concert of the Republic of Tartarstan State Ensemble of Song and
Dance under Rinat Valeev has held at the Chaikovsky Concert Hall in Moscow;
— The essay A NonPensive Knight of the Rueful Countenance informs
of the history of the ballet Don Quixote at the Samara Opera and Ballet
Theater;
— A Great Ship Asks Deep Waters is an article about an anniversary
of Vitaly Mikhailovich Ievlev, Principal of the Republic of Mordovia Choreography
School;
— The 35th anniversary of the Sunny Rainbow Ensemble was celebrated
with a gala concert at the Municipal Palace of Perm’ at the end of 2004;
— The sketch Elion: The Name of God deals with a recent production
of the Dance Institute of Ekaterinburg, formerly Ballet +, whose genre
has been defined as «Fashion Dance Project».
The BALLETPARADE column presents an interview by Constantin Ivanov.
A few years ago he, being a principal dancer of the Bolshoy Theater, took
charge of the Mari State Opera and Ballet Theater and became cultural adviser
to the President of the Republic of Mari El, Leonid Markelov. Ivanov came
back to his home Republic in order to revive the country’s musical art.
One of the youngest troupes has grown right before everybody’s eyes and
has claimed its rightful position within the Russian theatrical scene.
The young dancer was among those who initiated the Winter Nights Festival
in YoshkarOla. At the beginning of this year, it was held for the 9th
time. The local artists no longer served as a setting, no matter how worthy,
to the bigcity guest stars. The opera and ballet principals as well as
the orchestra have become fullscale participants of the festival performances,
often equaling in quality the renowned guests.
In the BALLET TIME Column, Professor Lilia Talankina in her
Essay of a Teacher remembers Anatoli Vassilievich Shatin, for whom the
ballet teaching was a veritable calling. In 1946, he, together with Rostislav
Vladimirovich Zakharov, established the Chair of Choreography at the Stage
Directing Department of the then State Institute of Theatrical Arts (GITIS).
Now the chair has grown into the Choreography Department of the Russian
Theater Academy with different divisions and professional branches.
«Shatin sacredly loved his work and demanded the same devotion and
dedication from us. A person of sublime culture, he sought unbeaten tracks
in ballet training. Anatoli Vassilievich has trained many notables of the
ballet theater, not only for our own fatherland, but also for very many
other countries. As for me, the cherished memory of my beloved master still
helps me.»
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